Last Updated on 2024幎8æ28æ¥ by Moe Yamazaki
ãæ°åå€åé¢é£çšèªããŸããããïŒçšèªéã¯ãã¡ãã
çŸåšãå€ãã®äŒæ¥ã2050幎ã®ããããŒãéæãç®æšã«æ²ããŠããŸããããããã©ã®ãããªç®æšãç«ãŠãŠãããããŒãã®éæããå®çŸ©ãããã¯äŒæ¥ã«ãã£ãŠç°ãªã£ãŠããŸãã
ãã®ãããªç¶æ³ã®äžãSBTã€ãã·ã¢ãã(SBTi)ã¯ããããŒãã®åºæºãçå®ããŸããã
æ¢ã«SBTiã¯äŒæ¥ã®çæçãªåæžç®æšã«é¢ããåºæºãèšããŠãããå€ãã®äŒæ¥ãèªèšŒãååŸããŠããŸããé·æçãªç®æšãšãªã£ãŠããããããŒãã®åºæºã¯ãä»åŸããã«å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãäžãããšèããããŸãã
ãã®èšäºã§ã¯ãSBTiãå®ããããããŒãåºæºã®æŠèŠãååŸããã¡ãªãããååŸããäŒæ¥äºäŸã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸãã
SBTã®å
šäœåãäœç³»çã«ç解ã§ããïŒ
ç¡æã圹ç«ã¡è³æ
âSBTèªå®ã®åºæ¬çãªæŠèŠãç³è«ããã»ã¹ã«ã€ããŠäžéãç解ããããSBTèªå®è§£èª¬è³æã
ãã¡ããåãããŠã©ãã
âSBTèªå®ãšã¯ïŒçš®é¡ãäž»ãªãã€ã³ããäºäŸãåããããã説æ
SBTãšã¯
SBTãšã¯
SBTãšã¯ãScience Based Targetsã(ç§åŠãšæŽåããåæžç®æš)ã®ç¥ç§°ã§ããäžçã®å¹³åæ°æž©ã®äžæã1.5床æªæºã«æããããã«ãç§åŠçãªç¥èŠãšæŽåããåæžç®æšãSBTã€ãã·ã¢ãã(以äžSBTi)ãäœæããŠããŸãã
2014幎9æã«4ã€ã®åœéå£äœ(CDPãWRIãWWFãUNGC)ãéå¶äž»äœãšãªãSBTiãèšç«ããŸããããã®SBTiãäŒæ¥ã«å¯ŸããŠåæžç®æšã®èšå®ãæ±ããŠããŠãäŒæ¥ãèšå®ããç®æšãåºæºã«æŽåããŠããããæ€èšŒããŠããŸãã
SBTç®æšã®çš®é¡
SBTã®ç®æšã«ã¯äžèšã®2çš®é¡ããããŸãã
ã»çæç®æš(=Near-Term SBT)
ã»ããããŒãç®æš
äžè¬çã«ã¯çæç®æšãç¥ãããŠããŠãäŒæ¥ã¯5~10幎å ãç®æšå¹ŽãšããŠç·æåºéã®åæžç®æšãèšå®ããŸããäžæ¹ããããŒãç®æšã¯2050幎ãŸãã¯ãã以åãç®æšå¹ŽãšããŠåæžããããªãæåºéã®é€å»ãå å³ããäžã§ãCO2ã®æ£å³æåºéããŒãã«ããåæžç®æšãèšå®ããŸããçæç®æšã®èšå®ã«å ããŠãé·æç®æšã®èšå®ãå¿ èŠã§ãã
ãäžå°äŒæ¥åãSBTããååš
SBTiã¯ãäžå°äŒæ¥ã«åããŠç¬èªã®ç®æšãèšå®ããŠããŸããéåžžã®SBTãšæ¯ã¹ãè² æ ãå°ãªãçæã容æã§ãããšããç¹åŸŽããããŸãã
å ·äœçãªéãã«ã€ããŠã¯ãäžèšã®è¡šãã芧ãã ããããªããæ¯èŒã¯ããããŒãç®æšãšã®æ¯èŒã§ã¯ãªããçæç®æšãšã®æ¯èŒã§ããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
SBTèªå®ã®åºæ¬çãªæŠèŠãç³è«ããã»ã¹ã«ã€ããŠäžéãç解ããããSBTèªå®è§£èª¬è³æã
âè³æãããŠã³ããŒããã
SBT ããããŒããšã¯
SBT ããããŒãç®æšéçºã®èæ¯
çŸåšãå€ãã®äŒæ¥ãããããŒããæ²ããŠããŸããããããŒããšã¯ã枩宀å¹æã¬ã¹ã®æåºéããå®è³ªãŒããã«ããèãæ¹ã§ãããã®ç®æšãéæããã«ã¯äŒæ¥ã®æåºéãå€§å¹ ã«åæžããå¿ èŠããããŸãããã å®å šã«æåºããŒãã«ããã®ã¯é£ãããããé€å»å°é£ãªæ®ãã®æåºéã¯å€§æ°ããã®åžåéãæåºéããå·®ãåŒããŠçžæ®ºããŸãã
ããããŒãç®æšãçå®ããäŒæ¥ãå¢å ããäžã§ãéæãžã®åãçµã¿ãäžè²«ããŠããªãããšã課é¡ãšãªã£ãŠããŸããäž»ã«äŒæ¥ã®å¯Ÿè±¡ç¯å²(åäŒç€Ÿçã®ç¯å²)ãç®æšå¹Žãéæã«åããèšç»ã®3ã€ã®èŠçŽ ã§ç°ãªã£ãŠãããããããŒãç®æšã®å®çŸ©ãæ確ã§ã¯ãããŸãããå ±éã®åºæºããªããããã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãç®æšãè©äŸ¡ããããšãå°é£ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãã
ãã®ãããªç¶æ³ããµãŸããŠãSBTiã¯2021幎ã«ããããŒãã®åºæºãçå®ããŸãããSBTiãæ¢ã«çå®ããŠããç®æšåºæºã¯ã5ã10幎å ãç®æšå¹Žãšããçæçãªåºæºã§ããããã®ããæ¢åã®SBTç®æšããçæç®æš(=Near-Term SBT)ããšããæ°ãã«ãããããŒãç®æšããäœæããŸããã
SBT ããããŒãç®æšã®åºæº
SBTiã¯æž©æåã1.5床以äžã«æããããããŒãç®æšã®æ¡ä»¶ãšããŠã以äžã®2ã€ãæããŠããŸãã
ã»ã¹ã³ãŒã1ã2ã3ã®æåºéããŒãã«ãããããããã¯ãã°ããŒãã«ã»ããããŒãæåºééæã«èŠåãæ®äœã¬ãã«ãŸã§åæžããã é©æ Œãª1.5â察å¿ãã¹ãŠã§ã€ã«ãããŠãã°ããŒãã«ã»ããããŒãæåºéãŸãã¯ã»ã¯ã¿ãŒã»ã¬ãã«ã§æåºéããŒãã«ããã
ã»ãããã»ãŒãç®æšå¹Žã«æ®çããæåºéãšããã以é倧æ°äžã«æŸåºããã枩宀å¹æã¬ã¹æåºéãæä¹ çã«äžåããã
äžèšã§è¡šçŸãããŠãããã°ããŒãã«ã»ããããŒãæåºéããšã¯ãSBTiãçå®ããåºæºãæããŠããŸãã
å ·äœçãªç®æšãå®ããéã®èŠçŽ ãšããŠãäžèšã®å³ã«ç€ºãããã«4ã€ã®èŠçŽ ãå®ããŠããŸãã
â çæç®æš(Near-Term)
5幎ãã10幎å ãç®æšãšãã1.5床氎æºã®æåºåæžç®æšã§ããåºæºå¹Žã2020幎以éã«èšå®ããå Žåãã¹ã³ãŒã1,2ã¯2030幎ãŸã§ã«42%ã®åæžãæ±ããããŠãããã¹ã³ãŒã3ã¯å°ãªããšã25%ã®åæžãæ±ããããŠããŸãã(åºæºå¹Žã2020幎以åã®å Žåã¯æ¯å¹Ž4.2ïŒ ã®Scope1,2åæžãš2.5ïŒ ã®Scope 3åæžãæ±ããããŠããŸãïŒçæç®æšã®åºæºå¹Žãšé·æç®æšã®åºæºå¹Ž(ç®æšã®åºæºãšãªãæåºéãå ±åãã幎)ã¯äžèŽãããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
â¡é·æç®æš(Long-Term)
2050幎ãŸã§ã«1.5床氎æºãšæŽåããããã«ãäŒæ¥ãã©ãã ãæåºéãã©ãã ãåæžãããã瀺ãç®æšã§ããé·æç®æšã§ã¯æ¯å¹Žã®åæžéã¯èšå®ãããŠããããã¹ã³ãŒã1,2,3å šäœã®90%ãåæžããããšã®ã¿ãæ±ããããŠããŸãã
â¢äžå(Neutralization)
çæç®æšãšé·æç®æšã®éæã«åããåãçµã¿ã«ãã£ãŠæåºéã90%åæžããŠããããããŒãã®éæãšã¯èšããŸãããæ®ãã®10%ã®æåºéãççŽ é€å»ã«ãã£ãŠçžæ®ºããå¿ èŠãããããããSBTiã¯äžåãšåŒãã§ããŸããäžåã®æ¹æ³ãšããŠã¯ççŽ é€å»ã®ã¯ã¬ãžãããèªããããŠããŠãæåºåé¿ã®ã¯ã¬ãžããã¯èªããããŠããŸããã
â£ããªã¥ãŒãã§ãŒã³ãè¶ ããç·©å(BVCM)
BVCMã¯ãBeyond Value Chain Mitigationã®ç¥ç§°ã§ããããã«ã¯æž©å®€å¹æã¬ã¹æåºãåé¿ãŸãã¯åæžãã掻åãã倧æ°ãã枩宀å¹æã¬ã¹ãé€å»ã»è²¯èµãã掻åãå«ãŸããŠããŸããäžèš3ã€ã®ããªã¥ãŒãã§ãŒã³å ã§è¡ãããåæžãšé€å»ã«å ããŠããªã¥ãŒãã§ãŒã³å€ã§ã®åãçµã¿ãè¡ãããšã§ããããŒããžã®ç§»è¡ãå éããããšãæ±ããŠããŸãã
SBTèªå®ã®åºæ¬çãªæŠèŠãç³è«ããã»ã¹ã«ã€ããŠäžéãç解ããããSBTèªå®è§£èª¬è³æã
âè³æãããŠã³ããŒããã
SBT ããããŒãã®ç®æšèšå®ã«ããã泚æç¹
SBT ããããŒãç®æšã®åºæºã¯ã詳现ã«å®ããããŠããŸãã以äžã§æ³šæç¹ã説æããŸããããããŸã§äžäŸã«éããªãããSBTiãå ¬è¡šããŠããããã¥ã¢ã«ãèªã¿èŸŒãããšãå¿ èŠã§ãã
â ãªãã»ããã«ã€ããŠ
åæžç®æšãèšå®ããéã«ãç·æåºéã®åæžã«å ããŠãªãã»ããã®åãçµã¿ãèããããŸããããããSBTiã¯ä»ç€Ÿã®ã¯ã¬ãžãã(æåºæš©)ã®ååŸã«ããåæžã¯èªããŠããŸãããäŒæ¥ãèªç€Ÿã®äºæ¥æŽ»åãããªã¥ãŒãã§ãŒã³ã«ãããŠãçŽæ¥çãªåæžãéããŠæåºåæžããããšãããšã«ãç®æšèšå®ããããšãæ±ããŠããŸãã
ããã§ã¯ãã©ãããŠãåæžããããšãã§ããªãæ®äœæåºéã¯ãã©ã®ããã«çžæ®ºããã®ã§ãããããSBTiã¯æåºéã®çžæ®ºã®ããã«ããççŽ é€å»ã¯ã¬ãžããããèªããŠããŸããå ·äœçã«ã¯ççŽ ååã»è²¯çã䌎ããã€ãªãšãã«ã®ãŒ(BECCS)ãåå£ã»æ£®æ管çã®æ¹åããã³ã°ããŒãæãªã©ã®åå°ã®ä¿®åŸ©ãæããŠããŸãããããã¯ä»ç€Ÿã¯ã¬ãžããã®ååŸãšã¯ç°ãªããå®éã«å€§æ°äžããäºé žåççŽ ãé€å»ããŠããŸãã
æ¥æ¬ã§äœ¿çšãããŠããåãšãé»åç±æ¥J-ã¯ã¬ãžãããšåãšãç±ç±æ¥J-ã¯ã¬ãžããã¯ãã¹ã³ãŒã2æåºéã®ä»£ããã®ç®æšãšããŠãåãšã調ééãšããŠäœ¿çšã»å ±åããããšãå¯èœã§ãã
â¡é·æç®æšã®ã¹ã³ãŒã3åºæºã«ã€ããŠ
çæSBTç®æšã§ã¯ã¹ã³ãŒã3ã®æåºéãç·æåºéã®40%以äžãå ããå Žåã«ç®æšèšå®ãå¿ é ãšãªããŸãããŸããç®æšèšå®ã«ãããŠã¯ã¹ã³ãŒã3æåºéã®3åã®2ãã«ããŒããŠãæäœã§ã2床ãååã«äžåãç®æšã«ããããšãæ±ããããŠããŸãã
äžæ¹é·æç®æšã§ã¯ãããªã¥ãŒãã§ãŒã³å ã®éèŠãªæåºæºãå šãŠã«ããŒããããšãå¿ èŠã§ã1.5床æªæºã«æããããã®ç®æšã«åèŽãããããšãæ±ããããŠããŸãã
SBTããããŒãç®æšã«ã€ããŠãã詳ããèšäºã¯ãã¡ãïŒ
âSBTããããŒãç®æšã®èšå®æ¹æ³ã泚æç¹ã解説
SBT ããããŒãèªèšŒãååŸããã¡ãªãã
ããããŒãã®ç®æšã«ã¯å ±éã®åºæºãååšããªãã£ããããã¹ããŒã¯ãã«ããŒãè©äŸ¡ããéã«ã¯å°é£ãªç¶æ³ã§ãããSBTiã®ããããŒãèªèšŒãåããããšã§ããèªèšŒãããä¿¡é Œæ§ã®ããããããŒãç®æšããšããŠé«ãè©äŸ¡ããããšèããããŸããããã«CDPããã®è©äŸ¡ãé«ããªããããæè³å®¶ããã®ESGæè³ãåŒã³èŸŒãããšã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
ãŸã瀟å ã§ããããããŒãéæãžã®éçãæ確ã«ãªããšããå©ç¹ããããŸããSBTiã¯è©³çŽ°ãªåºæºãããã¥ã¢ã«ã«æ²èŒããŠãããããããããŒãç®æšãç«ãŠãããã§ããããã«ãã£ãŠçµç¹å šäœã§åãçµã¿ã®æ¹åæ§ãå ±æããããšãã§ããç®æšéæã«åããè¡åãä¿é²ããããšãã§ããŸãã
SBT ããããŒãèªèšŒãååŸããäŒæ¥äºäŸ
äžè±å°ææ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ
äžè±å°ææ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ(以äžãäžè±å°æ)ã¯2022幎7æ26æ¥ãSBTããããŒãèªå®ãååŸããããšãçºè¡šããŸãããSBTiã®ããããŒãèªå®ã®ååŸã¯ãæ¥çš®å šäœãéããŠæ¥æ¬åã§ããã
äžè±å°æã¯èªç€Ÿã°ã«ãŒãã®ããªã¥ãŒãã§ãŒã³å ã«ãããŠã2050幎ãŸã§ã«ç·æåºéãããããŒãã«ããç®æšãæ²ããŠããŸãã2019幎床ã®ç·æåºéã«å¯ŸããŠããŸãã¯2030幎床ãŸã§ã«ã¹ã³ãŒã1,2ã®åèšã70%以äžãã¹ã³ãŒã3ã50%以äžåæžããããšãç®æããŠããŸãããããŠ2050幎床ã®ããããŒãéæã«åããŠã¹ã³ãŒã1,2,3ããããã90%以äžåæžããŠã®æ®äœæåºéãäžååããããšãç®æããŠããŸãã
ç®æšã®éæã«åããŠãã°ã«ãŒãå æœèšã®äœ¿çšé»åã®åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒç±æ¥ãžã®åãæ¿ãããé«å¹çèšåå°å ¥çã®åãçµã¿ãè¡ã£ãŠããŸãã
ããªã³ããŒã«ãã£ã³ã°ã¹æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ
ããªã³ããŒã«ãã£ã³ã°ã¹æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ(以äžãããªã³HD)ã¯2022幎8æ5æ¥ã«SBTããããŒãèªå®ãååŸããããšãçºè¡šããŸãããé£åäŒæ¥ãšããŠã¯ãäžçå šäœãšããŠåã®èªå®ååŸãšãªããŸããã
ããªã³HDã®ãããªã³ã°ã«ãŒãç°å¢ããžã§ã³2050ãã§æ²ããã2050幎ãŸã§ã«ããªã¥ãŒãã§ãŒã³å šäœã®æž©å®€å¹æã¬ã¹æåºéãããããŒãã«ããç®æšãSBTã«èªå®ãããŸããããã®ç®æšã§ã¯ã2030幎床ãŸã§ã«2019幎床æ¯ã§ã¹ã³ãŒã1,2ã®åèšã50%ãã¹ã³ãŒã3ã30%åæžããããšãç®æããŠããŸãã
ç®æšã®éæã«åããŠåœå å·¥å Žã«ããŒããã³ããå°å ¥ããããåçPETæš¹èã100%䜿çšãããR100ãããããã«ãã®æ¡çšãé 次æ¡å€§ããŠããŸãã
ãŸãšã
ãã®èšäºã§ã¯ãSBTããããŒãç®æšã®æŠèŠãèªèšŒååŸã®æµãã泚æç¹ã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸããã
SBTiã¯ããã¥ã¢ã«ãæŽæ°ãç¶ããŠãããåæžç®æšãç«ãŠãéã®åºæºãä»åŸå€æŽãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããSBTiãå®ããã¬ã€ãã©ã€ã³ãåºæºãå€æŽãããããšã§ç®æšèšå®ã«åœ±é¿ãäžããå¯èœæ§ããããããææ°ã®æ å ±ã远跡ãããã«åºã¥ããŠèšå®ããããšãéèŠã§ãããŸãSBTããããŒãç®æšãç³è«ããéã«ã¯ãç®æšèšå®ãç¹ã«éèŠãªããã»ã¹ãšãªãã®ã§ãæ éã«è¡ãããšãå¿ èŠã§ãã
æ¬èšäºã§èª¬æããå 容ããæ åœè æ§ã®æ¥åã«å°ãã§ãã圹ã«ç«ãŠãã®ã§ããã°å€§å€å æ ã§ãã
ïŒSBTïŒããããŒã
次ã®èšäºã¯ãã¡ã
âSBTããããŒãç®æšã®èšå®æ¹æ³ã泚æç¹ã解説
åèæç®
1 Science Based Targets âFoundations for science-based net zero target setting in the corporate sector version 1.0â
2ç°å¢çãSBTã詳现è³æã
3 Science Based Targets âSBTi Corporate Net-Zero Standard version 1.1â
4 ã¿ãã»ãªãµãŒãïŒãã¯ãããžãŒãº ãSBTãããããŒãåºæºãéçºãäŒæ¥ã®50幎ãŒããã«ãŒã«ç€ºãã
5 äžè±å°æã°ã«ãŒã ãCO2åæžã»åçå¯èœãšãã«ã®ãŒã®å©çšä¿é²ã
6 äžè±å°ææ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ ãCO2 ç枩宀å¹æã¬ã¹æåºåæžç®æšã«ã€ã㊠æ¥æ¬å SBT ããããŒãèªå®ãååŸã
7ããªã³ããŒã«ãã£ã³ã°ã¹ ãæ°åå€åã®åãçµã¿ã
ãªã¯ããã®æ¯æŽã«ã€ããŠ
åŒç€Ÿã¯ISSB(TCFD)é瀺ãScope1,2,3ç®å®ã»åæžãCDPåçãCFPç®å®ãç ä¿®äºæ¥çãè¡ã£ãŠããŸãã
ã客æ§ã«åãããæè»æ§ã®é«ããæ¯æŽåœ¢æ
ã§ãçŽè¿2幎éã®ç·åæºè¶³åºŠã¯94%以äžãšãªã£ãŠãããŸãã
貎瀟ããŒããããäœæããã¹ããã察å¿ãŸã§ã次幎床å
補åãžåãããµãŒãã¹èšèšãé§äœ¿ããå¹
åºããææ¡å·®ãäžããŠãããŸãã
課é¡ã«åãããæ
å ±æäŸããµãŒãã¹å
容ã®ã説æããèŠç©ãäŸé Œãéæåãä»ããŠãããŸãã®ã§ããæ°è»œã«ãçžè«ãã ããã
âãååããã©ãŒã
ã¡ãŒã«ãã¬ãžã³ç»é²
æ
åœè
æ§ãæŒãããã¹ãææ°ååãåãããã¥ãŒã¹èšäºãã
æ·±ãç解ããŠãããããããã¯ã解説ããã³ã©ã èšäºãå®æçã«ãå±ãããŸãã